Cardiac fibroblasts (CF) provide structural support for cardiac myocytes and are responsible for extracellular matrix synthesis in the heart during growth and pathophysiological conditions. CF are an important cellular component of myocardial responses to injury and the source of paracrine growth factors. CF proliferation and synthesis of matrix is essential for scar formation at sites of myocardial infarction and cardiac fibrosis. CF have also been found to respond to mechanical loading to regulate the metabolic activity of ventricular cells, making them a good model to study the cardiac matrix remodeling using physiological (exercise) and pathological (hypertension) stressors. HCF-av from ScienCell Research Laboratories are isolated from human ventricle. HCF-av are cryopreserved at passage one and delivered frozen. Each vial contains >5 x 105 cells in 1 ml volume. HCF-av are characterized by immunofluorescence with antibody specific to fibronectin. HCF-av are negative for HIV-1, HBV, HCV, mycoplasma, bacteria, yeast, and fungi. HCF-av are guaranteed to further expand for 15 population doublings under the conditions provided by ScienCell Research Laboratories. Recommended Medium It is recommended to use Fibroblast Medium-2 (FM-2, Cat. #2331) for culturing HCF-av in vitro.